SPRING
PERENNIAL GARDENING
Spring blooming
perennials can be planted at anytime of the growing season, although
spring is usually when the best selection is available in the nursery
industry. It is worth planting spring blooming perennials throughout
the summer and fall to give them a head start for their flower displays
in the spring. The following list of perennials includes plants
that are more commonly planted in the home landscape, but is in
no way a complete list of what is available. There are literally
hundreds of perennials that have attractive spring flower displays.

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BASKET
OF GOLD
Basket of Gold, also known as Alyssum, is unique in that it
offers a mass of yellow flowers in early spring when almost
no other plants will be blooming. It flowers at the same time
as Spring Phlox, and Candytuft. Alyssum has a weeping habit
that works well in rock gardens. Basket of Gold will flower
profusely for three or four years but will begin to fade after
that, so replanting is sometimes necessary to maintain vigorous
flowering. One other factor that should be taken into consideration
is Alyssum foliage is not the most attractive after it is done
blooming. Plant it in places where other plants and flowers
can hide it later in the year. |

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BLEEDING
HEART
Bleeding Heart has been a popular spring perennial for many
years, and many people remember seeing it in Grandma's flower
garden. Bleeding heart has the advantage of being one of the
few perennials that will flower in the shade. In fact, it must
be planted in the shade for it to thrive. Flower color ranges
from white to red. Bleeding Hearts can reach a size of two to
three feet high and wide, and there are also dwarf fern-leaf
varieties available that will only reach a maximum height of
18 inches. Bleeding Hearts will naturally die back in late June
or early July, but have no fear; they will be back the next
spring. |

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CANDYTUFT
Candytuft is an awesome perennial. It has white flowers in early
spring at the same time as bulbs, Phlox, Basket of Gold, and
Rock Cress. After it is done blooming it still has nice evergreen
foliage that will add interest to the flower garden. Candytuft
has a weeping habit that naturally lends itself to rock gardens,
but it also works well anywhere else as long as the location
has good sun. Severely cut back Candytuft every other year to
keep the plant vigorous. |

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CAPE
DAISY
Cape daisy, also known as Osteospermum or African daisy, is
another good spring blooming perennial, with flower colors varying
from white and pink to purple. Cape daisies prefer full sun
to part shade but must be planted in well-drained soil. In Utah,
they bloom mainly in the spring, but if the old flowers are
deadheaded, the plants will bloom well into summer. When purchasing
Cape daisies, make sure that they are perennials because many
annual varieties are also sold. |
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COLUMBINE
Columbine is one of the most popular spring flowers. Flower
colors come in many varieties, but the most common include yellow,
lavender, white and purple. Columbine looks good in rock gardens,
woodlands and other naturalized settings, and will reach a size
of two feet high and wide. Cut back dead flower heads and then
cut the foliage back as it turns yellow in late summer. |

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CREEPING
PHLOX
The Phlox family is a large family whose members are all North
American natives. This is the purple or pink flower that is
seen in mass in early spring. Phlox come in colors of white,
pink, and purple, and are nice when planted in mass in rock
gardens and other flowerbeds. They are also sometimes used as
groundcovers. Phlox are best when planted in the fall, but they
will also do well when planted in spring. Phlox prefer a well-drained
soil and are sometimes susceptible to spider mites. |

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DIANTHUS
The Dianthus family includes many popular flowers. Some of the
more common varieties include: Carnations, Sweet Williams, and
Pinks. Most Dianthus will start blooming in late spring or early
summer. If the dead flower heads are cut back they will bloom
for much longer. Dianthus either grows in large clumps or as
a groundcover, and it will grow six inches to a foot high. Some
of the better varieties to plant are: Sweet Williams, Raspberry
and Strawberry Parfait, Zing series, Telstar series, and Cheddar
Pinks. Some Dianthus is short lived so periodic replanting may
be necessary. |

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ENGLISH
DAISY
English daisy is a very early spring bloomer and sometimes starts
as early as March. They come in red, yellow, pink and white
and will grow four inches high and between six inches and a
foot wide. English daisies prefer to be planted in cool moist
areas and in partial shade. In Utah, they are often biennial
or a short-lived perennial and are often planted with pansies
and bulbs. |

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FOXGLOVE
Foxglove is a very interesting plant. Not only are the flowers
beautiful, but they have medicinal value that has been used
for over three hundred years. A drug called Digitalin is taken
from the leaves and used to treat heart ailments. Do not try
to cure your own heart problems with it because of the powerful
nature of Digitalin. Foxglove is biennial or a short lived perennial.
It will reach a height of two to three feet when in flower;
because of this, it is a good background plant that will create
height in the flower garden. Foxglove does best in partial shade,
and it also likes a moist but not excessively wet soil. It comes
in colors of white, red, and purple. |

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IRIS
Although irises are often planted as bulbs, they are also often
found in garden centers as potted plants. Irises come in a multitude
of colors, are very long lived, and need to be divided every
three to four years to keep them blooming. Common varieties
that grow well in Utah include: German Iris, Bearded Iris and
Siberian Iris. Siberian Irises are also sometimes fragrant,
having a grape smell. |

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LUPINE
Lupines are probably best known as a mountain flower. In the
spring they bloom at the same time as many other alpine perennials
such as Columbine and Phlox. The types of Lupines that are most
commonly grown in the home garden are the Russell hybrids. They
are the easiest type of Lupines to grow, coming in a variety
of colors, and thrive in full sun to partial shade. Lupines
are biennials or short -lived perennials. |

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PEONY
Peonies have been grown by generations of gardeners and are
one of the best-loved spring perennials. They consistently bloom
near Memorial Day and are often placed at the graves of loved
ones. Peonies come in an assortment of colors including pink,
white, red, and sometimes yellow or light purple and prefer
full sun. Often used as an informal hedge because of the attractive
foliage, peonies are very long lived and make a wonderful addition
to any yard or garden. |

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PERENNIAL
GERANIUM (CRANESBILL)
Perennial Geraniums are another native wildflower that will
grow well in the home garden. They flower profusely in mid-spring
in colors of pink, white and purple. There are many varieties
available, but Johnson's Blue is one of the most popular. Most
Geraniums will grow to 18 inches tall and will spread a couple
of feet. Cut back Cranesbill after it has flowered and it will
sporadically flower through the summer. It is also possible
to divide Geraniums in the fall every three to four years. |
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ROCK-CRESS
Rock-Cress is a good border plant and also works well in rock
gardens. Not only does it have nice flowers but also has visually
pleasing foliage, so it will look good all season long. Rock-Cress
has white flowers in early to mid-spring and works well when
planted along with Phlox, Basket of Gold, and various bulbs.
It will reach a height of only six to ten inches, so it should
be planted in areas where it is more visible. Rock-Cress can
be easily divided every couple of years. |
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